Skip to content
Journal On Tourism & Sustainability/JOURNAL ON TOURISM & SUSTAINABILITY/Article
Article recordVersion of recordOpen accessVol. 7 No. 1 and 2 (2024): JOURNAL ON TOURISM & SUSTAINABILITYMay 29, 2026DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12598931

Implementing a Smart Governance Structure. The Case Study of Barcelos, Portugal

Creative tourism offers visitors the opportunity to develop their creative potential through active participation in experiences that are characteristic of the destinations' cultures. This study main goal is to propose …

  • Contributor 1
  • Contributor 2

Reader actions

Resolve identifiers and download the published files.

View DOIDownload PDF
Abstract
Reader HTML view for the published article record.

Creative tourism offers visitors the opportunity to develop their creative potential through active participation in experiences that are characteristic of the destinations' cultures. This study main goal is to propose a governance model that might contribute to the sustainable development of Barcelos, as a creative tourist destination, that is part of UNESCO creative cities network. Regarding the research methodology, it was done a literature review on the subject under study, and a primary data collection through semi-structured interviews to ten managers of Destination Management Organizations (DMO), in Portugal. It is argued that the role of stakeholders and DMOs digitization process emerge as key factors to implement a smart governance model in tourist destinations. It might be concluded that Barcelos needs to implement a smart governance structure (including digitization and involving all stakeholders) to achieve this study goal.

References
Publication output reuses the stored scholarly reference text rather than a second reference system.
  1. 1.Altinay, L. & Paraskevas, A. (2008). Planning Research in Hospitality and Tourism (1st ed.).
  2. 2.Oxford: Elsevier, Ltd.
  3. 3.Bakas, F. E., Duxbury, N., & Vinagre de Castro, T. (2019). Creative tourism: catalysing artisan
  4. 4.entrepreneur networks in rural Portugal. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 25(4), 731–752. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-03-20180177
  5. 5.Bardin, L. (1977). Análise de Conteúdo. Presses Universitaires de France.
  6. 6.Beritelli, P., Bieger, T., & Laesser, C. (2007). Destination Governance: Using Corporate
  7. 7.Governance Theories as a Foundation for Effective Destination Management. Journal of Travel Research, 46(1), 96–107. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507302385
  8. 8.Bramwell, B. (2013). Governance, the state and sustainable tourism: A political economy
  9. 9.approach. In Tourism governance (Vol. 19, Issues 4–5, pp. 59–78). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.576765
  10. 10.Bramwell, Bill; Lane, B. (2000). Tourism Collaboration and Partnerships: Politics, Practice
  11. 11.and Sustainability. In Aspects of Tourism: 2.
  12. 12.Brandão, F & Costa, C. (2014). Inovação em Turismo: Uma Abordagem Sistémica e
  13. 13.Territorial. In Z. Costa, Carlos; Brandão, Filipa; Costa, Rui; e Breda (Ed.), Produtos e Competitividade do Turismo na Lusofonia (pp. 69–91). Escolar Editora.
  14. 14.Brandão, F., & Costa, C. M. M. (2010). Tourism Observatories supporting regional tourism
  15. 15.destinations’ management and competitiveness: a model for the region of Aveiro. Revista Turismo e Desenvolvimento, 13/14(1), 205–217.
  16. 16.Buhalis, D., & Amaranggana, A. (2013). Smart tourism destinations. In Information and
  17. 17.communication technologies in tourism 2014 (pp. 553–564). Springer, Cham.
  18. 18.Carvalho, R. (2021). Qual o papel do capital cultural, habitus e do campo no consumo de
  19. 19.experiências de turismo criativo? [Tese de Doutoramento, Tese de Doutoramento, Universidade de Aveiro]. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/31603
  20. 20.Cavaco, C. (2013). Territórios de Turismo. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 20, 51–67.
  21. 21.Chourabi, H., Nam, T., Walker, S., Gil-Garcia, J. R., Mellouli, S., Nahon, K., Pardo, T. A., &
  22. 22.Scholl, H. J. (2012). Understanding smart cities: An integrative framework. Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2289–2297. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2012.615
  23. 23.Collis, J. & Hussey, J. (2005). Pesquisa em Administração (2a). São Paulo: Artmed Editora.
  24. 24.Costa, C. (2006). Tourism Planning Development and the Territory. In C. Buhalis, Dimitrios &
  25. 25.Costa (Ed.), Tourism management dynamics, Trends, Managements and Tools (pp. 236–243). Elsevier, Ltd.
  26. 26.Costa, C. (2014). Gestão Estratégica do Turismo: Evolução Epistomologica dos Modelos e
  27. 27.Paradigmas, e Tendências para o Turismo. In Z. Costa, C.,Brandão, F., Costa, R. & Breda (Ed.), Turismo nos Países Lusófonos: Conhecimento, Estratégia e Territórios (pp. 19–40). Lisboa: Escolar Editora.
  28. 28.Costa, C., Panyik, E. e Buhalis, D. (2014). A Comparative Approach to European Tourism
  29. 29.Planning and Organisation Systems: An Introduction. In D. Costa, C., Panyik, E. e Buhalis (Ed.), European Tourism Planning And Organisation Systems: The EU Members States (pp. 1–13). Bristol: Channel View Publications.
  30. 30.Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among five
  31. 31.approaches. Thousand Qaks CA: SAGE Publications.
  32. 32.Dredge, D. (2016). Are DMOs on a path to redundancy? Tourism Recreation Research, 41(3),
  33. 33.–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2016.1195959
  34. 34.Errichiello, L., & Micera, R. (2021). A process-based perspective of smart tourism destination
  35. 35.governance. European Journal of Tourism Research, 29(2021). https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v29i.2436
  36. 36.Fazenda, N. (2014). Turismo em Portugal: Reflexões para uma Política Nacional de Turismo.
  37. 37.In C. Costa (Ed.), Turismo nos Países Lusófonos: Conhecimento, Estratégia e Territórios (pp. 293–312). Escolar Editora.
  38. 38.Fernandes, S. & Eusébio, C. (2014). Governança para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável de
  39. 39.Destinos Turísticos. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 3(21/22), 249–261. http://revistas.ua.pt/index.php/rtd/article/view/9937
  40. 40.Ferreira, A. M. (2014). O Turismo como Fator de Regeneração e Desenvolvimento de Meios
  41. 41.Urbanos e Rurais: Do Turismo Urbano ao Turismo Criativo. In Z. Costa, C., Brandão, F., Costa, R., e Breda (Ed.), Turismo nos Países Lusófonos: Conhecimento, Estratégia e
  42. 42.Territórios (pp. 85–100). Escolar Editora.
  43. 43.Foris, D., Florescu, A., Foris, T., & Barabas, S. (2020). Improving the management of tourist
  44. 44.destinations: A new approach to strategic management at the dmo level by integrating lean techniques. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 12, Issue 23, pp. 1–22). https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310201
  45. 45.Galego, C., & Gomes, A. A. (2005). Emancipação, ruptura e inovação: o “focus group” como
  46. 46.instrumento de investigação. Emancipação, Ruptura e Inovação: O “Focus Group” Como Instrumento de Investigação, 5(5), 173–184.
  47. 47.Gonçalves, F. (2018). A Interpretação do Património como fator de desenvolvimento do
  48. 48.Turismo Cultural e Criativo. O caso do Galo de Barcelos. Tese de Doutoramento, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro.
  49. 49.Gonçalves, F. & C. C. (n.d.). Barcelos, UNESCO Creative City: A Perspective Paper Of The
  50. 50.Craftspeople.
  51. 51.Gonçalves, F. & Costa, C. (2022). Barcelos , Cidade Criativa da UNESCO : contributo para o
  52. 52.desenvolvimento sustentável do Artesanato através do Turismo Criativo Creative City sustainable development Creative Tourism. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 107–128.
  53. 53.Gonçalves, F. J. B., & Costa, C. (2019a). Modelo de Desenvolvimento e Implementação do
  54. 54.Turismo Criativo. O caso do Galo de Barcelos. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 32(52), 25–36.
  55. 55.Gonçalves, F. J. B., & Costa, C. (2019b). O Contributo da Interpretação do Património Para o
  56. 56.Desenvolvimento do Turismo Criativo. O Caso do Galo de Barcelos. Revista Portuguesa de Estudos Regionais, 52, 25–36.
  57. 57.Gretzel, U. (2022). The smart dmo: A new step in the digital transformation of destination
  58. 58.management organizations. European Journal of Tourism Research, 30(2022), 1–12.
  59. 59.Hall, C. M. (2008). Tourism planning: Policies, processes and relationships. London: Pearson education.
  60. 60.Hall, M. & Valentin, A. (2005). Content Analysis. In C. A. Ritchie, B. W., Burns, P. M., &
  61. 61.Palmer (Ed.), Tourism research methods: integrating theory with practice (pp. 191–210). Wallingford: CAB International.
  62. 62.Hieu, V. M., & Rasovska, I. (2017). Craft villages and tourism development, a case study in
  63. 63.Phu Quoc island of Vietnam. Management, 21(1), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.1515/manment-2015-0090
  64. 64.The Ename Charter, (2007).
  65. 65.http://icip.icomos.org/downloads/ICOMOS_Interpretation_Charter_ENG_04_10_08.pdf
  66. 66.Inskeep, E. (1991). Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach.
  67. 67.New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  68. 68.Jennings, G. R. (2005). Interviewing: a Focus on Qualitative Techniques. In C. A. (Eds. ).
  69. 69.Ritchie, B. W., Burns, P. M., & Palmer (Ed.), Tourism Research Methods: Integrating Theory with Practice (pp. 99–117). Oxford: CAB International.
  70. 70.Jørgensen, M. T. (2017). Developing a holistic framework for analysis of destination
  71. 71.management and/or marketing organizations: six Danish destinations. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 34(5), 624–635. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1209152
  72. 72.Jovicic, D. Z. (2019). From the traditional understanding of tourism destination to the smart
  73. 73.tourism destination. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(3), 276–282. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1313203
  74. 74.Mandić, A., & Kennell, J. (2021). Smart governance for heritage tourism destinations:
  75. 75.Contextual factors and destination management organization perspectives. Tourism
  76. 76.Management Perspectives, 39(August). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100862
  77. 77.Martins, C. A., Costa, C. M. M. D., & Pacheco, O. R. (2014). Sistemas de gestão de destinos e
  78. 78.a adoção tecnológica: desafios para as organizações de gestão de destinos. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 21, 247–254.
  79. 79.Pechlaner, H., Volgger, M., & Herntrei, M. (2012). Destination management organizations as
  80. 80.interface between destination governance and corporate governance. Anatolia, 23(2),
  81. 81.–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2011.652137
  82. 82.Potts, J., Cunningham, S., Hartley, J., & Ormerod, P. (2008). Social network markets: A new
  83. 83.definition of the creative industries. Journal of Cultural Economics, 32(3), 167–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10824-008-9066-y
  84. 84.Resende, R. (2016). Técnica de Investigação Qualitativa : ETCI. Journal of Sport Pedagogy &
  85. 85.Research, 1, 50–57.
  86. 86.Richards, G. (2011). Creativity and tourism. The state of the art. Annals of Tourism Research,
  87. 87.(4), 1225–1253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.07.008
  88. 88.Richards, G. (2020). Designing creative places: The role of creative tourism. Annals of
  89. 89.Tourism Research, 85(November 2019), 102922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102922
  90. 90.Richards, G. (2021). Developing Craft as a Creative Industry Through Tourism. Brazilian
  91. 91.Creative Industries Journal, 1(1), 03–22. https://doi.org/10.25112/bcij.v1i1.2671
  92. 92.Umbelino, J. (2014). Os Valores do Território no Lazer e no Turismo. In Z. Costa, C. Brandão, F., Costa, R., & Breda (Ed.), Produtos e Competividade do Turismo na Lusofonia
  93. 93.(pp. 203–216). Lisboa: Escolar Editora. UNESCO. (1997).
  94. 94.International Symposium on “Crafts and the International Market: Trade and Customs
  95. 95.Codification.”
  96. 96.UNESCO. (2003). Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage 2003.
  97. 97.In Unesco (Vol. 12, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1017/s0940739105050277
  98. 98.UNESCO. (2006). Towards Sustainable Strategies for Creative Tourism, Discussion Report of
  99. 99.the Planning Meeting for 2008 (Issue 1/11/2006).
  100. 100.UNESCO. (2017). Barcelos Creative City. https://creativecity.barcelos.pt/
  101. 101.Vala, J. (1986). A Análise de Conteúdo. In A. Santos Silva & J. Madureira Pinto (Ed.), Metodologia das Ciências Sociais (pp. 101–128). Edições Afrontamento.